Electrical noise in electrical and electronics circuits can be electrical or magnetic. We will discuss the reasons for noise and how to remove it.
Reason for electrical noise
The electrical noise can come due to 2 reasons:
1 – Electrical coupling due to the electrical voltage source
2 – Magnetic coupling
Electrical coupling due to an electrical voltage source
This noise comes due to stray capacitive coupling of the device with a high-voltage switching source (Noise source).
Whenever any switching action takes place nearby in an electrical circuit, a high-frequency spike is picked up by the input of the electronic circuits.
Noise due to magnetic coupling
Whenever a high current flows in an electrical wire in a nearby electrical circuit, this current generates heavy flux (this is a noise source). This magnetic field of flux is picked up by the electronic or electrical circuits, and a voltage is developed in the electronic device as noise.
How to remove electrical noise
We can follow the following methods to reduce the electrical noise pickup
1- Use of twisted wire at the input of the device circuits.
2- Use of shielded wire at the input of the device circuits.
3- If a high current in order of 100 amps flows in a circuit, then it becomes a noise source.
In this case, noise generation should be reduced at the source itself by running all high-current electrical wires closer to each other in a trench.
These high-current wires should be kept away from the signal wire by using a different trench.
4 – We can reduce the noise due to the high voltage switching circuit and capacitive coupling by keeping the input impedance of the device’s input electronic circuits very low.
5 – Put a small capacitor (if possible) at the input of the electronic circuits.
6- Providing optical isolation at the input of the circuits.
7-Providing an isolated, exclusive SMPS supply of the circuit. This will reduce common-mode noise in circuits.
I hope that you enjoyed reading the article on electrical noise.
For more knowledge, watch the video on YouTube in Hindi and English
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About the author – G K Agrawal B.Sc and B.Tech (from HBTU Kanpur), Retd. Sr DGM Design (BHEL), the inventor of patents, has lifelong industry experience in the electrical and electronics design field of R&D. He worked for BHEL. He shares his experience and knowledge on blogs and YouTube. Read the profile here.
